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        <title xml:lang="en">Letter from Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha to Emperor Rudolf II., Constantinople, 20 June 1577</title>
        <title xml:lang="de">Großwesir Sokollu Mehmed Pascha an Kaiser Rudolf II., Konstantinopel, 20. Juni 1577</title>
        <title xml:lang="tr">Vezir-i Azam Sokollu Mehmed Paşa’nın İmparator II. Rudolf’a mektubu, Kostantiniyye, 20 Haziran 1577</title>
        <author>
          <persName>Sokollu Mehmed Pasha</persName>
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          <resp xml:lang="de">Korrektur der engl. Übersetzung</resp>
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            <forename>Samuel</forename>
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            <addrLine>Georg-Coch-Platz 2</addrLine>
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        <date ana="dcterms:issued" when="2025">2025</date>
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          <p xml:lang="en">Project partners have granted the Institute for Habsburg and Balkan Studies of the Austrian Academy of Sciences permission to publish facsimile data within the QhoD project. Employees of this publically funded institution took images of archival sources or collected digitized items, and created descriptive metadata. The contents of the archival sources are not subject to copyright restrictions under Austrian law (Urheberrechtsgesetz), as the creators both of their ideal contents and their documentary material objects passed away more than 70 years ago (§§60-61 UrhG), and these materials are considered documents for official use (§7 UrhG). However, QhoD cannot grant any licence on the image data. You may contact the archives listed in tei:sourceDesc for further information.</p>
          <p xml:lang="de">Die Partner des Projekts haben dem Institute for Habsburg and Balkan Studies der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften die Erlaubnis erteilt, Faksimiledaten im Rahmen des QhoD-Projekts zu veröffentlichen. Angestellte dieser öffentlich finanzierten Institution haben Bilder der Archivquellen erstellt oder gesammelt sowie deskriptive Metadaten erstellt. Die Inhalte der Quellen sind nach dem österreichischen Urheberrechtsgesetz nicht geschützt, nachdem die SchöpferInnen der Werke wie auch ihrer materiellen Träger jedenfalls vor mehr als 70 Jahren verstorben sind (§§60-61 UrhG); weiters sind diese Quellen überwiegend zum amtlichen Gebrauch hergestellt und genießen damit keinen urheberrechtlichen Schutz (§7 UrhG). QhoD kann jedoch keine Lizenz auf die Bilddaten erteilen. Kontaktieren Sie die im tei:sourceDesc-Element gelisteten Archive für weitere Auskünfte.</p>
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        <title n="6" xml:lang="en">The Ottoman Grand Vizierate 1560s to 1760s</title>
        <title n="6" xml:lang="de">GraViz: Das osmanische Großwesirat (1560-1760)</title>
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            <surname>Yılmaz</surname>
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        <title xml:lang="de">Digitale Edition von Quellen zur habsburgisch-osmanischen Diplomatie 1500–1918</title>
        <title xml:lang="en">Digital Scholarly Edition of Habsburg-Ottoman Diplomatic Sources 1500–1918</title>
        <title xml:lang="tr">Habsburg-Osmanlı Diplomasisi Kaynakları Dijital Edisyonu 1500–1918</title>
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            <p>German (Türkei I 34, 35, 36; pp. 21-27)</p>
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        <p>Sokollu Mehmed Pasha emphasizes the mutual desire for ongoing peace and prosperity, explaining the need for both sides to take serious measures against violations of peace and demands tribute payments to be sent. He also mentions that David Ungnad has written a complaint about Ottoman incursions into Habsburg territory and addresses breaches of peace caused by actions from the emperor’s side, as well as a recent incident where money was seized by an Austrian colonel in Solnak (Szolnok), thereby jeopardizing peace.</p>
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          <date type="Hijri">985.04.03</date>
          <date when="1577-06-20">1577.06.20</date>
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          <persName ref="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118603701">Rudolf II</persName>
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          <ref target="info:fedora/context:graviz.smp" type="context">Letters from the Sokollu Mehmed Pasha 
(1565-1579) period</ref>
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      <div type="transcription" xml:id="graviz.l.15770620.2" xml:lang="de">
        <pb facs="#IMG001" n="1r" type="sheet"/>
        <head xml:id="head.1">
          <lb/>Translation des <rs ref="#mpr19392" type="person">Mehmed Bassa</rs> schreibens
               <lb/>an <rs
            ref="#mpr17300" type="person">ir ksl. Mt. etc.</rs>
        </head>
        <opener>
          <salute>
            <lb/>Dem hochgebreisten unnder den grossen herrn, die des glau<lb break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>bens Iesu sein, unnd erwelltem der hochen unnd groß<lb break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>müettigen des christlichen gesez, correctorn aller sachen
                  <lb/>unnd hanndlungen in der gannzen nazarenischen nation,
                  <lb/>angethan mit dem glanz der herrschafft unnd ehren, herrn
                  <lb/>der zeichen des ruembs unnd lobs, könig der region <rs
              ref="#mpr13416" type="place">Wienn</rs>,
                  <lb/>
            <rs ref="#mpr17300" type="person">kaiser Rudolff dem annern</rs>, deß ennd sey mit glückh
                  <lb/>seligkheit unnd allem gueten.    
               </salute>
        </opener>
        <p
            xml:id="p.1">             
               Nachdem e. ksl.
               <lb/>Mt. etc. unnsere vilfelltige, unnserer freundtschafft ge<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>zimennde unnd wierdige grüeß presentiert unnd ange<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>botten sein, so wellen e. Mt. etc. freundtlich wissen,
               <lb/>das jüngst abermallß an die glückhsehlige Porten unnd be<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>rüembten, auch hocherhebten hof unnsers glückhafftigen,
               <lb/>mächtigen unnd durchleuchtigen <rs
            ref="#mpr19414" type="person">kaisers</rs>, der da ist ain
               <lb/>
          <rs ref="#mpr19414" type="person">kaiser</rs> der viertheill der wellt, dem Gott sein sig ster<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>che, erhallte unnd sein macht mehre, e. Mt. etc. freundt<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>lichs schreiben gelanngt ist, in wellchem ir zuverstehen
               <lb/>geben, allermassen wie in zeit e. Mt. etc. <rs
            ref="#mpr14157"
            type="person">vatters</rs>,
               <lb/>mit der erhabten unnd mächtigen Porten der hochait unn<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>sers <rs ref="#mpr19414"
            type="person">kaisers</rs> unnd ime frid unnd guete rueh gewest,
               <lb/>also haben e. Mt. etc. begert, das er auch gleihfallß
               <pb
            facs="#IMG002" n="1v" type="sheet"/>

          <lb/>mit iro seye, unnd darüber bey seiner hochait umb deren
               <lb/>ksl. haubtbrief angehallten, wellchen dann, auf sollch euer
               <lb/>Mt. etc. ersuchen, die durchleuchtigkhait unnsers glückhseligen und
               <lb/>berüembten <rs
            ref="#mpr19414" type="person">kaisers</rs> e. Mt. etc. widerfaren lassen hat,
               <lb/>der e. Mt. etc. dann woll zuekhomen ist. 
            </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.2">
               Mer haben
               <lb/>e. Mt. etc. vermellt, das sy hinfüro steiff und khrefftig
               <lb/>zu dem gemainen friden unnd gueten rueh bleiben, also
               <lb/>auch ir versprochne jarliche verehrung nit aufhallten, sowi<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>der ehist herein schickhen wellen. Wie dann e. Mt. etc. in
               <lb/>khainem punct zumannglen gesinnet seye, so wellen
               <lb/>auch e. Mt. etc. <del
            rend="overstriked">in khainem punct zumannglen gesinnet
               <lb/>seye, sowellen an</del> irem graniz khriegs volckh ernstlich
               <lb/>bevelchen unnd einbinden, das niemanndt wider die
               <lb/>pacta des fridens ychtes thüe noch begehe, die übertretter
               <lb/>aber, so sich wider die pacta unnd sicherheit vergreiffen
               <lb/>wurden, sollen gestrafft, unnd sonnst yederzeit zu
               <lb/>erhaltung des fridß unnd gueten rue aller vleiß
               <lb/>unnd embßigkhait gebraucht unnd fürkhert werden, her<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>gegen aber unnderlasse das musulmannisch khriegs
               <lb/> vollkh nimer nit, an der granizen allerley streiff, ver<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>hörungen, beschedigungen, übertredtungen und belestig<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>sungen zuüeben, auch von den stetten unnd fleckhen die
               <lb/>zuvor ainnichen tribut niemallß daher geben, denselben
               <lb/>vor inen abzufordern, sy deß halben hart zumolestiren,
               <pb
            facs="#IMG003" n="2r" type="sheet"/>
          <lb/>unnd der tribut von inen mit gewallt zunemen, der<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>wegen dann e. Mt. etc. an dieselben, die sollicher gstallt
               <lb/>wider den frid hanndlen, ernstliche scharffe bevelch, ein<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>sehen unnd abstellung begert. 
            </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.3">
               Es haben auch e. Mt. etc.
               <lb/>gemellt, wie sy dise, allß auch anndere e. Mt. etc. hann<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>dlungen unnd notturfft irer an diser fürtrefflichen,
               <lb/>glückhseligen unnd namhafften seiner hochait Porten
               <lb/>der dienennden potschafft <rs
            ref="#mpr14187"
            type="person">David Ungnaden</rs> anbevolhen
               <lb/>unnd auferlegt hetten, wellicher <rs
            ref="#mpr14187"
            type="person">Ungnad</rs>, uber das er
               <lb/>ain ausfüerlich scriptum, in dem er so vil schaden unnd
               <lb/>übertrettungen, so das musulmanisch khriegs volckh in
               <lb/>e. Mt. etc. gebiedt gethan, welliches e. Mt. etc. dörffer
               <lb/>unnd stett angefallen, verwüesst, vich unnd leuth hin<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>weckh gefüert, sonnst auch allerlay übelthaten unnd
               <lb/>muetwillen getriben, angezogen, übergeben, hat er da<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>neben auch diß fürgebracht. Wie der <rs ref="#mpr19436"
              type="person">weida
               <lb/>aus <rs ref="#mpr9372" type="place">Sibenbürgen</rs>

          </rs> etliche hungerische herrn, wider die
               <lb/>pacta des fridens, mit villen verhaissungen an sich
               <lb/>bringen unnd ziehen wolle, das er auch deßwegen
               <lb/>alberait schon hieher geschriben habe, welliche sachen, alls
               <lb/>sy vor dem thron seiner ksl. <rs
            ref="#mpr19414"
            type="person">durchleuchtigkhait</rs> referirt
               <lb/>worden, unnd sein hochait sy angehört unnd verstannden,
               <lb/>hat sy verordnet, das man von dem selben scripto der
               <pb
            facs="#IMG004" n="2v" type="sheet"/>
          <lb/>schaden unnd beschwerungen, so gedachte e. Mt. etc. <rs ref="#mpr14187" type="person">potschafft</rs>
          <lb/>übergeben, von wort zu wort abschrifften machen unnd sy
               <lb/>dem wezir <rs ref="#mpr14163"
            type="person">Mustafa Bassa</rs> zu <rs ref="#mpr7448" type="place">Ofen</rs>, auch dem <rs ref="#mpr19416" type="person">Ferhat Beg</rs>
          <lb/>in <rs ref="#mpr17670"
            type="place">Bossna</rs> zueschickhen unnd in andtwordt darauf erfordern
               <lb/>solle, was doch die ursach sollcher hänndl sey, woher der
               <lb/>ursprung khome, das dem frid unnd gueten rueh zu<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>wider dergleichen schaden unnd muetwillen geuebt wer<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>den, dann es nit zimblich, das ichtes wider die pacta
               <lb/>des fridens beschehe, unnd also ist inen auferlegt unnd
               <lb/>eingebunden worden, wie unrechtmäßig es seye,
               <lb/>das man ainiche fridswiderwärtigthaiten sich erzaigen
               <lb/>unnd fürgehen lasst. 
            </p>
        <p xml:id="p.4">
               Hierynnen aber
               <lb/>sey e. Mt. etc. zuwissen, das noch bißher von dem
               <lb/>
          <rs ref="#mpr19436" type="person">weyda aus <rs ref="#mpr9372" type="place">Sibenbürgen</rs>

          </rs> dergleichen khains herkhomen
               <lb/>ist, unnd do er schon ain sollches hieher gethan hette, so
               <lb/>würde doch sein hochait wenig darauf geschäzt, oder dar<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>von gehallten haben. Dann das glückhseligen
               <lb/>unnd mächtigen <rs
            ref="#mpr19414" type="person">kaisers</rs> will ist nit, das wider den zwischen
               <lb/>seiner hocheit unnd e. Mt. etc. wesenden friden unnd
               <lb/>guete rueh ichtes erwaxen unnd fürgehen, sonnder man
               <lb/>alzeit den frid unnd guete rueh hallten sollt. Unnser
               <lb/>
          <rs ref="#mpr19414"
            type="person">khaiser</rs> bleibt woll allzeit bestanndig unnd vesst in
               <lb/>den pacten des fridß unnd sicherheit, deßgleichen
               <pb
            facs="#IMG005" n="3r" type="sheet"/>

          <lb/>auch seine diennstleuth an den granizen thuen gar nichts
               <lb/>wider den ksl. bevelch, sonnder haltten imerdar die
               <lb/>condicionen der frids pacten, erzaigen khain wider<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>wertigkheit, unnd enthallten sich von denen dingen, die
               <lb/>di pacta trennen unnd <unclear>perturbiern</unclear> möchten. Aber euer
               <lb/>Mt. etc. ublthätter unnd boßhafftige diennstleüth an euer
               <lb/>Mt. etc. granizen, werden nit, wie es das heilig recht unnd
               <lb/>die billichait erfordert, refrenirt. Darumben dann, wann
               <lb/>sy in das gebiedt seiner ksl. hocheit übertretten, füeren vieh
               <lb/>unnd leuth hinweckh und thuen sonst schaden, so zeucht das
               <lb/>musulmanische khriegs khriegshor ausdaur, eifer unnd
               <lb/>inbrüenstigkheit, so sy zu irer religion tragen, alß dann
               <lb/>auch eben diser mainung aus, gleich wie auf das geyaid
               <lb/>irer feind, unnd wellen gleich fallß sy ir sterkh unnd
               <lb/>mannhait erzaigen, brauchen auch allen ernst unnd
               <lb/>vleiß sich zubeschüzen. 
            </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.5">
               Nach dem willen
               <lb/>des höchsten Gottes soll von disem theill khain widerwärtigkheit
               <lb/>erscheinen noch zuegelassen, sonnder die hanndlung des
               <lb/>fridß unnd gueten rueh, wie zuvor, unnd sich es aig<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>net, also auch noch geehrt unnd gehallten werden, deß<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>gleichen beschehe auch bey euch, unnd e. Mt. etc.
               <lb/>verehrung, die sy an die gleickhselig Porten zu<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>ordnen pflegt, die werde zu rechter zeit geschickht,
               <pb
            facs="#IMG006" n="3v" type="sheet"/>
          <lb/>in dem man dann allen vleiß gebrauchen, unnd die
               <lb/>gewondtliche bestimbte zeit nit furüber gehen lassen
               <lb/>solle. 
            </p>

        <closer>
               Geschriben im anfang des Monats
               <lb/>Rebiülahir im jar des Mahomets 985, das ist
               <lb/>umb den <date
            when="1577-06-20">20. tag Juny, im jar Christi 1577</date>.
               <lb/>In der stat <rs
            ref="#mpr16051" type="place">Constantinopl</rs>
        </closer>
        <postscript>
          <p xml:id="p.6">
            <lb/>So ist unnß an iezo auch fürkhomen waß<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>massen hievor der obrist zu <rs
              ref="#mpr14130" type="place">Erla</rs>, <rs ref="#mpr19665"
              type="person">Cristoff
               <lb/>Ungnad</rs> bey <rs ref="#mpr14067"
              type="place">Solnak</rs>, den <rs ref="#mprunknown" type="person">Mustapha Enim</rs>

            <lb/>mit 12000 talern, die er bey sich gehabt, und
               <lb/>der herrschafft zuegehört, gefanngen, und weckh
               <lb/>gefüert hat. Numehr ist gedachter <rs
              ref="#mprunknown" type="person">Mustafa</rs>

            <lb/>gleichwoll ledig, aber das ernennt gellt ist bey
               <lb/>berüertem obristen verbliben, welliches den auch
               <lb/>dem gemainen friden und gueten rueh zuwider ist,
               <lb/>derwegen so sollen erzellte der herrschafft gehö<lb
              break="no" rend="#shy"/>rige taller von gedachtem obristen wider ab<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>gefordert, genommen, unnd dieselben, der wahren
               <lb/>laudtern mit diser erhebten Porten habennden
               <lb/>freundtschafft nach widerzugeben aller vleiß
               <lb/>angewendt unnd gebraucht werden.
               </p>
        </postscript>
        <pb facs="#IMG007" n="4r" type="sheet"/>
        <postscript>
          <p xml:id="p.7">
            <lb/>Beilage zum 3. Juli
               <lb/>Translation des <rs ref="#mpr19392"
              type="person">Mehmet Bassa</rs> Schreibens an <rs ref="#mpr17300" type="person">ir ksl. Mt etc.</rs>
          </p>
        </postscript>
      </div>
      <div type="translation" xml:id="graviz.l.15770620.2.trans" xml:lang="en">
        <pb n="1r" type="sheet"/>
        <head xml:id="head.2">             
               Translation of <rs ref="#mpr19392"
            type="person">Mehmed Pasha’s</rs> letter to <rs ref="#mpr17300" type="person">his imperial majesty</rs>
        </head>
        <opener>

          <salute>
            To the most exalted among the great lords, who are of the faith of Jesus,
            and chosen of the high and magnanimous of the Christian law,
            corrector of all things and actions in the whole Nazarene nation,
            bestowed with the splendor of dominion and honor,
            lord of the signs of glory and praise,
            king of the region of <rs
              ref="#mpr13416" type="place">Vienna</rs>,
            <rs ref="#mpr17300" type="person">Emperor Rudolf the Other</rs>,
            whose end be with felicity and all that is good.
               </salute>
        </opener>
        <p
            xml:id="p.8"> 
            Having conveyed to your majesty our manifold greetings,
            which are appropriate to our friendship,
            let it be kindly known to your majesty that recently,
            once again, your majesty’s kind letter has reached the blessed and glorious,
            as well as Sublime Porte of our blessed, mighty and illustrious <rs
            ref="#mpr19414"
            type="person">emperor</rs>,
            who is an emperor of a quarter of the world,
            whom God may strengthen and preserve his victory and increase his power.   
            Your majesty’s friendly letter has arrived here in which you state that,
            as in the time of your majesty’s father there was peace and good tranquility with the sublime and mighty court of his highness,
            our emperor, so your majesty desires that this may
            <pb
            n="1v"
            type="sheet"/>
            continue to be the case,
            and you have therefore asked his highness for the imperial main letter,
            which, at your majesty’s request, the serene highness of our blessed and famous <rs
            ref="#mpr19414" type="person">emperor</rs> has granted to your majesty,
            and which your majesty has then received.
            </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.9">
            Furthermore, your majesty has reported that in future you will be remain steadfastly
            and vigorously loyal to the general peace and good tranquility
            and will not withhold your promised annual tribute, but send it as quickly as possible.
            As your majesty is not inclined to be deficient in any point,
            so your majesty will earnestly command and inculcate in your border troops
            that no one shall do or commit anything against the peace treaties.
            However, transgressors who violate the treaties and security shall be punished.
            Furthermore, all diligence and zeal shall be used and applied at all times
            to maintain peace and good tranquility. On the other hand, you report that the Muslim soldiers never refrain
            from committing all kinds of raids, devastation, damage, violations and harassment on the borders,
            and from demanding tribute from towns and settlements that have not previously paid it,
            and therefore molesting
               <pb
            n="2r" type="sheet"/>
            them and taking the tribute from them by force. Therefore, your majesty demanded that those who act against the peace in this way
            receive a serious and sharp order to cease and desist from such acts.
            </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.10">
            Your majesty has also reported that you have entrusted these and other matters
            and needs of your majesty to the envoy serving at this excellent,
            blessed and illustrious Porte of his highness, <rs
            ref="#mpr14187" type="person">David Ungnad</rs>.
            This <rs ref="#mpr14187"
            type="person">Ungnad</rs> has handed over a detailed document
            in which he has listed the many damages and transgressions
            caused by the Muslim warriors in your majesty’s territory,
            who have raided your majesty’s villages and towns, devastated them,
            carried off livestock and people, and also committed all kinds of misdeeds and wanton acts.
            He also stated that the <rs
            ref="#mpr19436" type="person">voivode of <rs ref="#mpr9372" type="place">Transylvania</rs>

          </rs>, contrary to the peace treaties,
            wanted to lure and attract some Hungarian lords with many promises
            and that he had already written about this here. These matters have been brought before the throne of his imperial serene highness.
            His highness has heard and understood them and has ordered that verbatim copies
            of the said document
            <pb
            n="2v"
            type="sheet"/>
            of damages and complaints, which the aforementioned envoy has handed over to your majesty,
            be made and sent to the <rs
            ref="#mpr14163" type="person">Vizier Mustafa Pasha</rs> in <rs ref="#mpr7448"
            type="place">Buda</rs> and to <rs ref="#mpr19416" type="person">Ferhat Bey</rs> in <rs ref="#mpr17670" type="place">Bosnia</rs>, and it should be asked what is the cause of such acts,
            where the origin of such damage and mischief contrary to peace and good tranquility lies,
            for it is not appropriate that anything should be done contrary to the peace treaties.
            Therefore, it has been imposed and inculcated upon them
            how unlawful it is that any activities contrary to peace should arise and be allowed to continue.
            </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.11">
            Let it hereby be known to your majesty that nothing of the kind has yet come from the <rs
            ref="#mpr19436" type="person">voivode of <rs ref="#mpr9372" type="place">Transylvania</rs>

          </rs> and even if he had sent something of the kind here,
            his highness would have paid little attention to it or thought little of it.
            For it is the will of the blessed and mighty <rs
            ref="#mpr19414" type="person">emperor</rs> that nothing should arise and happen
            contrary to the peace and good tranquility existing between his highness and your majesty,
            but that peace and good tranquility should always be maintained.
            Our emperor always remains steadfast and firm in the treaties of peace and security,
            as do his servants on the borders. They do nothing against the imperial order, but always observe the terms of the peace treaties, show no hostility, and refrain from things that could divide and perturb the treaties.
            But your majesty’s evil-doers and malicious servants on your majesty’s borders
            are not restrained as sacred law and equity require. So when they invade the territory of his imperial highness, carry away cattle, people, and otherwise cause damage, the Muslim warriors show the perseverance,
            zeal and fervor they feel for their religion even in hunting their enemies.
            They also want to show their strength and bravery,
            and use all seriousness and diligence to defend themselves.
            </p>
        <p xml:id="p.12">
            According to the will of God Most High,
            no hostility shall appear or be permitted from this side,
            but peace and good tranquility shall be honored and maintained as was done before and is proper.
            The same shall be done by you, and your majesty’s tribute, which you are wont to order to the blessed Porte,
            shall be sent at the usual time using all diligence and not letting the usual time for it pass unused.
            </p>
        <closer>
               Written at the beginning of the month of Rabi’ al-Thani in the year of <rs
            ref="#mpr14853" type="person">Muhammad</rs> 985,
               which is around <date
            when="1577-06-20">June 20 in the year of Christ 1577</date>.
               In the city of <rs
            ref="#mpr16051" type="place">Constantinople</rs>.
            </closer>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
