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        <title xml:lang="en">Letter from Emperor Maximilian II to Grand Vizier Sokollu Mehmed Pasha, Vienna, 9 March 1576</title>
        <title xml:lang="de">Kaiser Maximilian II. an Sokollu Mehmed Pascha, Wien, 9. März 1576</title>
        <title xml:lang="tr">İmparator II Maximilian’in Vezir-i Azam Sokollu Mehmed Paşa’ya mektubu, Viyana, 9 Mart 1576</title>
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          <persName>Maximilian II</persName>
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            <settlement>Vienna</settlement>
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            <addrLine>Georg-Coch-Platz 2</addrLine>
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        <date ana="dcterms:issued" when="2025">2025</date>
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        <title n="6" xml:lang="en">The Ottoman Grand Vizierate 1560s to 1760s</title>
        <title n="6" xml:lang="de">GraViz: Das osmanische Großwesirat (1560-1760)</title>
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        <title xml:lang="en">Digital Scholarly Edition of Habsburg-Ottoman Diplomatic Sources 1500–1918</title>
        <title xml:lang="tr">Habsburg-Osmanlı Diplomasisi Kaynakları Dijital Edisyonu 1500–1918</title>
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        <p>Emperor Maximilian acknowledges the receipt of two letters from Sokollu Mehmet Pasha and expresses gratitude for the successful extension of peace. He encourages continued cooperation to maintain and strengthen this peace, assuring the grand vizier that all obligations, including the timely dispatch of annual tributes, will be met. The letter also addresses concerns regarding the Polish situation, where Maximilian assures that his actions will not offend Ottoman interests, and clarifies that he does not support the ambitions of Gáspár Bekes Bekes against Transylvania. Maximilian emphasizes his commitment to preserving peace and good relations, while ensuring that any violators of the peace on either side will face strict punishment. The envoy David Ungnad is mentioned as the bearer of further details.</p>
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          <date type="Hijri">983.12.08</date>
          <date when="1576-03-09">1576.03.09</date>
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          <term ref="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166079">tribute</term>
          <term ref="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2996394">negotiation</term>
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          <ref target="info:fedora/context:graviz.smp" type="context">Letters from the Sokollu Mehmed Pasha 
(1565-1579) period</ref>
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    <body>
      <div type="transcription" xml:id="graviz.l.15730329" xml:lang="lat">
        <pb facs="#IMG001" n="1r" type="sheet"/>
        <head xml:id="head.1">
          <seg>
            <lb/>
            <rs ref="#mpr19392" type="person">Mehemeti Bassae</rs>
          </seg>
          <seg>
            <lb/>
            <rs ref="#mpr14157" type="person">Maximilianus etc.</rs>
          </seg>
        </head>
        <ab xml:id="ab.1">
          <lb/>Illustrissime et magnifice vir, syncere nobis dilecte, 
               <lb/>salutem. </ab>
        <p
            xml:id="p.1">    
               Accepimus binas vestras literas
               <lb/>novissime ad nos datas. Ex quarum 
               <lb/>prioribus benigne cognovimus, quanto 
               <lb/>studio prorogatae inter nos et <rs
            ref="#mpr19414"
            type="person">serenissimum
                  <lb/>imperatorem vestrum</rs> pacis negotium promoven<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>dum susceperitis, ita quidem ac eo deduxeritis, ut optatus 
               <lb/>tandem secutus sit effectus. Quod cum 
               <lb/>benigno gratoque animo accipimus, tum
               <lb/>vero non minorem vos eidem paci foven<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>dae tuendaeque curam adhibituros esse con<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>fidimus, quam in ea stabilienda labo<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>rastis. In quo ne nostrae expectationi de<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>esse velitis, vos benigne hortamur: de no<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>bis istud pollicentes, nos in iis omnibus 
               <lb/>adimplendis, quae tam quoad annua mu<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>nera, quorum missionem, pro praesenti etiam 
               <lb/>anno, quantum uspiam fieri poterit 
               <lb/>accelerabimus, quamquam alias capitulo<lb
            break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>rum vigore nobis incumbent, haud 
               <lb/>quicquam desyderari facile passuros, 
               <lb/>tum etiam operae et laboris, quem huc
               <lb/>impenderitis, benignam quoque tempore 
               <lb/>rationem habituros esse. Quemadmo<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>dum nostram istam integerrimam volun<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>tatem orator noster, nobilis fidelis no<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>bis dilectus <rs
            ref="#mpr14187" type="person">David Ungnad</rs>, baro in Sonnegk, vobis uberius declaraturus 
               <lb/>adeoque nostri animi gratitudinem 
               <lb/>re ipsa testatam redditurus esturus est.
            </p>
        <p xml:id="p.2">
          <lb/>Quod vero ad negotium <rs ref="#mpr6814"
            type="place">Polonicum</rs> attinet, 
               <lb/>cuius praecipue posteriores vestrae literae mentionem
               
               <pb
            facs="#IMG002" n="1v" type="sheet"/>

          <lb/>faciunt, equidem nihil in eo hactenus 
               <lb/>per nos actum est, vel etiam posterum 
               <lb/>agetur, quod vel potentissimum serenissimum imperatorem 
               <lb/>vestrum, vel vos merito offendere <del
              rend="overstriked">possit 
                  <lb/>vel debeat: Nam etsi non a multo 
                  <lb/>a maiore ordinum et statuum parte in 
                  <lb/>regem <rs
              ref="#mpr6814"
              type="place">Poloniae</rs> rite ac iuxta leges et 
                  <lb/>consuetudines regni istius electi 
                  <lb/>sumus, nihilominus per placida po<lb
              break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>tius media dissensionem illam quae 
                  <lb/>postmodum secuta est, ad concordiam/ reducere, quam virem agere, ac eo 
                  <lb/>pacto ius nostrum prosequi, hucusque stu<lb
              break="no" rend="#shy"/>duimus. Id quod deinceps quoque face<lb break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>re decrevimus. Nobis vicissim per<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>suasum habentes, <rs
              ref="#mpr19414"
              type="person">imperatorem vestrum</rs>,
                  <lb/>quae serenitatis suae est magnanimitas, non 
                  <lb/>modo Christianorum rebus se hoc loci non 
                  <lb/>immixturum, verumetiam serenitatem 
                  <lb/>suam, ac eiusdem nomine et authoritate 
                  <lb/>vos apud <rs
              ref="#mpr19436" type="person">vayvodam <rs ref="#mpr9372" type="place">Transylvaniae</rs>
            </rs>
            <lb/>nullo legitimo modo ad regnum 
                  <lb/>istud vocatum effecturos, ut paca<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>tiora consilia amplectatur. Ad nos 
                  <lb/>enim quod spectat serenitas sua ac vos 
                  <lb/>de nostro in publicam tranquillitatem 
                  <lb/>studio ita vobis polliceri potestis,</del>
          <seg>
            <lb/>nedum ullam 
                  <lb/>pacis abrumpen<lb break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>dae causam 
                  <lb/>praebere 
                  <lb/>possit vel 
                  <lb/>debeat. 
                  <lb/>Quemadmo<lb
              break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>dum nec in 
                  <lb/>posterum 
                  <lb/>quicquam 
                  <lb/>tale, quin 
                  <lb/>imo istud 
                  <lb/>omnino expe<lb
              break="no" rend="#shy"/>ctandum erit, <del rend="overstriked">
              <unclear>rrr</unclear>
              <lb/>pro solito 
                     <lb/>nostro</del>
          </seg>
          <lb/>quemcunque etiam Deus Polonici istius 
               <lb/>negotii exitum esse voluerit, nobis 
               <lb/>tamen eandem semper cum serenitate sua 
               <lb/>firmam pacem, amicitiam ac bonam 
               <lb/>vicinitatem colendi curam fore.
            </p>
        <p xml:id="p.3">
          <lb/>De <rs ref="#mpr14189" type="person">Bogdano</rs> autem istud affirmare pos<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>sumus, nos iam ab aliquot annis praeter<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>ea, quae rumore nuntio aliunde ad nos               
               <pb facs="#IMG003" n="2r" type="sheet"/>
          <lb/>allata sunt, de ipso <rs ref="#mpr14189" type="person">Bogdano</rs>, quonam loco 
               <lb/>sit, quidve agat, parum vel nihil certi 
               <lb/>cognovisse, nedum quicquam nobis cum eo
               <lb/> negotii esse.
            </p>
        <p xml:id="p.4">
          <lb/>Tantum vero abest, ut <rs ref="#mpr19446"
            type="person">Bekesium</rs> vel 
               <lb/>foveamus, vel eundem, contra <rs ref="#mpr9372"
              type="place">Transylva<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>niam</rs> denuo aliquid moliturum, iuvare 
               <lb/>nobis in animo sit, ut expresse etiam 
               <lb/>ac serio interdixerimus, ne quis ex 
               <lb/>nostris ei militet, vel se ullo pacto illi 
               <lb/>iungat, quinimo tales ipsius <rs
            ref="#mpr19446" type="person">Bekesii</rs>
          <lb/>conatus et machinationes quacunque ra<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>tione impediri iusserimus.
           </p>
        <p xml:id="p.5">

          <lb/>Quae cum ita sint, aeoque syncerum nostrum 
               <lb/>pacis servandae studium satis ex iis 
               <lb/>perspici queat, equidem confidimus sae<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>pe fatum <rs ref="#mpr19414" type="person">serenissimum imperatorem vestrum</rs> ac 
               <lb/>vos nobis eadem integritate responsuros 
               <lb/>neque ad quosvis rumores, vel etiam 
               <lb/>falsas eorum delationes, qui cum pacem 
               <lb/>et quietem oderint, nullas non eiusdem 
               <lb/>perturbandae rationes ineunt, arma 
               <lb/>paraturos, sed rem ad nos 
               
               <seg>
            <lb/>qui 
                  <lb/>opportunis reme<lb break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>diis adhibendis 
                  <lb/>haud <del rend="overstriked">defuturi</del>
            <lb/>deeri¬<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>
            <del rend="overstriked">
              <unclear>fdgfdgd</unclear>
            </del>
            <lb/>mus
               </seg>
          <del rend="overstriked">prius rela</del> rela<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>turos esse atque istud insuper effecturos, esse ut qui 
               <lb/>ad confinia sunt officiales et milites 
               <lb/>Turcici intra suos se limites contineant, 
               <lb/>pacisque prorogatae capitulis, uti par est, 
               <lb/>accommodent.
               <seg>
            <lb/>neque <del rend="overstriked">existens paci</del>
            <lb/>solitis suis excursioni<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>bus, deprae<lb break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>dationibus, 
                  <lb/>ac <del rend="overstriked">male</del> vio<lb break="no"
              rend="#shy"/>lentiis, qua<lb break="no" rend="#shy"/>rum nullus penis(?) 
                  <lb/>est, miseris 
                  <lb/>nostris subditis 
                  <lb/>
            <del rend="overstriked">in</del> infesti <del
            rend="overstriked">per</del> esse pergant, sed ab iisdem, ac aliis 
                  <lb/>omnibus, quae paci contraria sunt, abstineant  
               </seg>
               In quo ne nostrorum vicissim 
               <lb/>officiorum uspiam <del
            rend="overstriked">defuisse videamur</del> desyderari queat, nobis 
               <lb/>summae semper curae erit: his, qui me<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>moratam pacem, nostraque de eiusdem capitulis
               <pb facs="#IMG004"
            n="2v" type="sheet"/>
          <metamark>9. März 1576</metamark>

          <lb/>observandis promulgata severissima 
               <lb/>mandata violare ausi fuerint, suum 
               <lb/>illud factum haud impune laturis. Cae<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>tera quae huc pertinent, praedictus consilia<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>rius et orator noster, <rs ref="#mpr14187" type="person">David Ungnad</rs>, no<lb break="no"
            rend="#shy"/>stro nomine vobis referet. Ad quem nos 
               <lb/>remittentes, quod reliquum est, caesaream 
               <lb/>nostram benevolentiam vobis benigne de<lb
            break="no" rend="#shy"/>ferimus.
            </p>
        <closer>
          <lb/>Datum <rs ref="#mpr13416" type="place">Viennae</rs>, die <date when="1576-03-09">9.a Martii 1576</date>.
               </closer>
      </div>
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        <pb n="1r" type="sheet"/>
        <head xml:id="head.2">
          <seg>
                  To <rs ref="#mpr19392" type="person">Mehmet Pasha</rs>
          </seg>
          <seg>
            <lb/>
            <rs ref="#mpr14157" type="person">Maximilianus etc.</rs>
          </seg>
        </head>
        <opener>
          <salute>          
               Most illustrious and magnificent man, sincerely beloved by us, greetings.
               </salute>
        </opener>
        <p
            xml:id="p.6">
               We have received your two letters, not directly addressed to us. From the former of these, we kindly understood with what zeal you have undertaken to promote the matter of peace prolonged between us and your most serene <rs
            ref="#mpr19414"
            type="person">emperor</rs>, and you have indeed brought it to such a point that the desired result has at last followed. This we receive with a kind and grateful spirit, and we trust that you will show no less care in fostering and defending this same peace than you did in establishing it. In this, so that you do not fail to meet our expectations, we kindly encourage you, promising this about ourselves: that we, in fulfilling all those things, both with regard to the annual gifts, whose dispatch, even for the present year, we will hasten as much as can be done, and also with regard to those other obligations which, by virtue of the chapters, are incumbent upon us, will not easily allow anything to be lacking, as we will also, in a timely manner, take into kind regard the effort and labor that you have devoted here. In this way, our orator, the noble and faithful <rs
            ref="#mpr14187" type="person">David Ungnad</rs>, Baron of Sonnegk, who is dearly beloved by us, will more fully explain to you our most sincere intention, and will also demonstrate the gratitude of our spirit by his actions.
               </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.7">              
               As for the Polish matter, which is particularly mentioned in your later letter, 
               <pb
            n="1v"
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               indeed nothing has been done by us in this matter so far, nor will anything be done in the future, which could or should justly offend either your most powerful and serene emperor or yourselves, <del
              rend="overstriked">for although we have been elected as the king of <rs ref="#mpr6814"
              type="place">Poland</rs> duly and according to laws and customs of this kingdom by a majority of the orders and estates, we have nevertheless endeavored to bring any subsequent dissension to concord through peaceful means rather than by force, and in this way we have pursued our right up to this point. We have also decided to continue doing so henceforth. We, on the other hand, are convinced that your <rs
              ref="#mpr19414"
              type="person">emperor</rs>, in his magnanimity, will not only not interfere in the affairs of the Christians, but that his serenity and you in his name and authority will also prevail upon the <rs
              ref="#mpr19436" type="person">voivode of <rs ref="#mpr9372" type="place">Transylvania</rs>
            </rs>, who was not lawfully appointed to this kingship, to adopt more peaceful resolutions. As far as we are concerned, his serenity and you can be assured of our commitment to public tranquility,</del> as we will not provide any cause for breaking the peace. Indeed, any outcome that God may will for this Polish affair, we will always maintain the same firm commitment to peace, friendship, and good neighborliness with his serenity.
            </p>
        <p xml:id="p.8">
               Regarding <rs ref="#mpr14189"
            type="person">Bogdan</rs>, however, I can affirm that for several years now, apart from what was brought to us by rumors or messages from elsewhere, 
               <pb
            n="2r" type="sheet"/>
               we have known little or nothing definite about <rs ref="#mpr14189" type="person">Bogdan</rs> himself, where he is or what he is doing, let alone having any dealings with him.
               </p>
        <p xml:id="p.9">
               Indeed, so far are we from favoring <rs ref="#mpr19446"
            type="person">Bekes</rs>, or from aiding him in any action against <rs ref="#mpr9372"
            type="place">Transylvania</rs>, that we have expressly and earnestly forbidden any of us to serve under him or align himself with him in any way, but on the contrary have ordered that any attempts or machinations of <rs
            ref="#mpr19446" type="person">Bekes</rs> himself be thwarted by any means necessary.
               </p>
        <p
            xml:id="p.10">
               Given these circumstances, and as our sincere commitment to maintaining peace can be sufficiently perceived from these actions, we confidently trust that your most serene <rs
            ref="#mpr19414" type="person">emperor</rs> and <rs ref="#mpr19392"
            type="person">you</rs> yourself will respond to us with the same integrity, that you will not heed any rumors or even false reports from those who hate peace and tranquility and devise every possible means to disturb it, nor will you prepare arms, but rather report the matter to us, so that we can apply appropriate remedies without delay, and furthermore see to it that the Turkish officials and soldiers stationed at the borders will keep within their own limits and adhere to the provisions of the extended peace, as peace currently stands, and that they do not continue their usual incursions, depredations, and acts of violence, which are entirely inconsistent with peace, against our unfortunate subjects, but that they refrain from these actions and from all other things that are contrary to peace. We will always be diligent in ensuring that none of our reciprocal duties are neglected. As for those who dare to violate the established peace 
               <pb
            n="2v"
            type="sheet"/>
               and the most severe mandates concerning its observance, they will not escape unpunished. Other matters pertaining to this, our experienced advisor and ambassador <rs
            ref="#mpr14187" type="person">David Ungnad</rs> will report to you on our behalf. In referring you to him, finally, we kindly extend to you our imperial benevolence.
               </p>
        <closer>
               Given at <rs ref="#mpr13416" type="place">Vienna</rs>, on the <date when="1576-03-09">9th day of March, 1576</date>.
            </closer>
      </div>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>
